![]() ![]() Invasive endo that penetrates the bladder and bowel wall.Infiltration of the tissue lining the back wall of the uterus and rectum (posterior cul-de-sac), an extension of the peritoneum.Large, fluid-filled “chocolate” cysts that form on, and even encapsulate, the ovaries.Infiltration of the lining of the abdomen (peritoneum).StagesĪmerican Society of Reproductive Medicine Severity Classificationsīecause the four stages of endometriosis do not necessarily have any correlation to a patient’s symptoms or the nature of the infiltration itself, we often use a more descriptive system: Dr.Seckin’s Preferred Classification The American Society of Reproductive Medicine classifies endometriosis according to severity. In rare cases, it can spread to the diaphragm, lungs, kidney, appendix, and, surprisingly, the gastrocnemius (calf muscles). It is also common for it to develop on the top of the vagina (anterior cul-de-sac) and in the peritoneal cavity between the rectum and the posterior wall of the uterus (posterior cul-de-sac). It typically develops on the pelvic structures including the ovaries, fallopian tubes, bladder, and bowels (intestines). Businesses lose billions of dollars each year in compromised productivity and absenteeism because of the disease. The economic impact of endometriosis is staggering. ![]() It is one of the leading reasons for laparoscopic surgery and hysterectomy in the United States. A leading cause of infertility and chronic pelvic pain, it has also been linked to other health concerns, including certain autoimmune diseases and cancers, fibroids, adenomyosis, and interstitial cystitis. It affects an estimated 176 million women worldwide. The lesions are estrogen-dependent, benign, inflammatory, stem-cell-driven, and at times progressive. This tissue, which normally lines the uterine cavity, is associated with monthly menstruation and is often characterized by abnormally painful and heavy periods, as well as pelvic pain, severe cramps, and pain with sex ( dyspareunia). Endometriosis is a chronic disease in which endometrial-like tissue occurs outside of the uterus.
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